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To draw or tie is to finish a competition with identical or inconclusive results. ''Draw'' is usually used in the United Kingdom, Ireland and the Commonwealth of Nations (except in Canada) and it is usually used for sports such as association football and Australian rules football. In cricket, a draw and a tie are two different things. Ties or draws are possible in some, but not all, sports and games. Such an outcome, sometimes referred to as deadlock, can occur in politics, business, and wherever there are different factions regarding an issue. ==Resolving ties or draws== In instances where a winner must be determined, several methods are commonly used. Across various sports: * Some other measure may be used, such as aggregate point difference. * A game may continue on in extra time. In order to ensure a quick result, some form of sudden death rule may apply. * In some sports, a penalty shootout or bowl-out may occur. * A rematch may occur at a later date, especially if a winner must be selected (in a final). * The result might be decided by chance (''e.g.'' a toss of a coin) when no objective method of determining a result remains. The rules governing the resolution of drawn matches are rarely uniform across an entire sport, and are usually specified by the rules of the competition. In other areas, such as in a vote, there may be a method to break the tie. Having an odd number of voters is one solution—after the election of the Doge of Venice by a committee of 40 was deadlocked in a tie, the number of electors was increased to 41—but may not always be successful, for example, if a member is absent or abstains. In many cases one member of an assembly may by convention not normally vote, but will exercise a casting vote in case of deadlock. Sometimes some method of random choice, such as tossing a coin, may be resorted to even in a formal vote.〔(Guardian newspaper:Police Federation chooses new chair with a coin toss, 23 May 2014 ). Example of random tie-breaking: the leader of the Police Federation of England and Wales was determined by a coin toss, after a tied vote.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tie (draw)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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